Sanneh studied at the University of Birmingham and the Near East School of Theology in Beirut, accumulating a global perspective on life and doctrine. He has utilized his doctorate in Islamic history as a professor at the University of Ghana and the University of Aberdeen abroad, and Yale and Harvard stateside (where he is a naturalized citizen).
He was a co-editor of twenty books, several essays, and over two hundred journal articles. His notable works include, Translating the Message: The Missionary Impact on Culture, Abolitionists Abroad: American Blacks and the Making of Modern West Africa, Whose Religion is Christianity? The Gospel Beyond the West, Disciples of All Nations: Pillars of World Christianity, Beyond Jihad: Pacifist Impetus in Muslim West Africa and Beyond, and The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to World Christianity, co-edited with Michael McClymond.